The impetus for a march on Washington developed over a long period of time, and earlier efforts to organize such a demonstration included the March on Washington Movement of the 1940s. A. Philip Randolph—the president of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, president of the Negro American Labor Council,^[6] and vice president of the AFL-CIO—was a key instigator in 1941. With Bayard Rustin, Randolph called for 10,000 black workers to march on Washington, in protest of discriminatory hiring by U.S. military contractors and demanding an Executive Order.^[14] Faced with a mass march scheduled for July 1, 1941, President Roosevelt issued Executive Order 8802 on June 25.^[15] The order established the Committee on Fair Employment Practice and banning discriminatory hiring in the defense industry.^[16] Randolph called off the March.^[17]

Randolph and Rustin continued to organize around the idea of a mass march on Washington. They envisioned several large marches during the 1940s, but all were called off (despite criticism from Rustin).^[18] Their Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom, held at the Lincoln Memorial on May 17, 1957, featured key leaders including Adam Clayton Powell

A Hannaian Asset Development Investment Group (HADIG) is essentially a non publicly traded Hannaian Economic Development Investment Council (HEDIC) established specifically to fund and develop special projects. HADIGs can operate as local investing groups to promote economic development or projects in a local catchment area. HADIGs can also be set up to develop an investment and economic development culture within a community, and to teach investment techniques and investment research to a group whose goal is to raise funding either individually or as a group. The funds raised can then be channeled into local economic development or personal projects.

Members of a HADIG can either pool their resources, investing as a group, or they can invest individually. A HADIG may simply operate as an investment research group which shares mutual research, guidelines and techniques similar to the Hannaian Investment Research & Publishing Group.

HADIGs are really economic development funding & investment groups for special projects or purposes. The better structured and larger the group, the greater the chances and opportunities to raise the monies needed to fund the special projects. Generally, a Corporation, or a Limited Liability Company (LLC) structure will be best suited for any serious fundraising.

In addition to raising funds by investing their collective and individual resources, HADIGs can also solicit equity and debt investments from various funding sources such as banks, angel investors, venture capitalists, private equity firms, hedge funds, and now even internet based crowdfunding. Crowdfunding can take the form of charitable donations, rewards based donations, or under the Obama JOBS Act, equity based funding from accredited investors, and from regular retail non-accredited, non-sophisticated investors pending approval of required regulations within the United States,

All private companies, organizations and their promoters involved in raising equity or debt funding must pay strict attention to operate within the Security & Exchange Commission’s (SEC’s) guidelines and safe harbors. They must avoid violating the laws and regulations which require all fundraisers to register their investment offerings of equity or debt with the SEC unless they fall under one of the exempted categories. In practice this is a very difficult thing to do and many individuals, groups and organizations inadvertently violate these provisions with their investment offerings. Generally, within the United States, fundraising for equity and debt investments cannot be broadly or widely advertised to the public unless registered with the SEC.

The new regulations in the JOBS Act now provide extremely strict guidelines governing what constitutes an Accredited Investor. These new guidelines now severely limit the pool of investors capable of being solicited for investments by private companies and operators seeking funding.

As compared to Hannaian Economic Development Investment Councils (HEDICs), HADIGs are relatively simple to set up and operate and can serve as precursors to the development of the more complex HEDIC which is a publicly traded Securities & Exchange (SEC) registered Business Development Company (BDC). (See more at Blueprint for Establishing Hannaian Economic Development Investment Councils (HEDICs)

HADIGs may be more appropriate for economic development funding of smaller communities or projects. Also, a HADIG may serve as an excellent precursor to the development of the more complex HEDIC by providing a culture of investment in the target area, and a source of an indigenous investor base for a publicly traded, SEC registered HEDIC.

Incorporators of HADIGs can either formally incorporate the group or set it up as a partnership or other group operating structure. The HADIG simply needs to follow established guidelines which basically provide a safe harbor for the operation of private Investment Clubs.

Incorporators of HADIGs who want to develop a group which is focused on fundraising through investing and trading in publicly listed & traded securities and markets can simply adopt the operations of the Hannaian Investment & Publishing Group (HIPG). They may do so by registering at The National Market Exchange (NMEX) (www.nationalmex.com), requesting to join the HIPG operated Hannaian TraderLine Center, and either becoming an affiliate organization of HIPG, or simply designing the operations of their own group along the guidelines developed and used by HIPG.

A proposal prepared by the National Market Exchange (NMEX), and Hannaian Investment Banking Support Services (HIBSS) for the Local HEDIC Incorporator (LHI) in DLC a traditionally disadvantaged community. DLC - HEDIC Inc., (DLCH)

DLC - HEDIC Inc., (DLCH) will be one of the first of its kind, a Wall Street friendly, publicly traded Hannaian Economic Development Investment Council (HEDIC) within the United States.

The concept of a HEDIC was first developed some years ago by the Hannaian Investment & Publishing Group, a Self Directed and Controlled Investment Research Group, to address the need for the economic development of Black, Brown, and other historically disadvantaged communities. There is a significant need for a system that would resolve the multiplicity of problems that factor into resolution of this age old dilemma. As Wall Street friendly entities, properly developed and managed, HEDICs can provide a Capital Market Driven Economy (CMDE) for such communities while also incorporating unified common market concepts to maximize the benefits of the prodigious spending power of the residents of these communities.

HEDICs are a mechanism to channel the 1.4 trillion dollar purchasing power of Black America, an economy larger than that of Canada or Australia, into building an indigenous investment base that will focus its potential on investing in the growth of indigenous businesses within disadvantaged communities of the United States. HEDICs can likewise channel the even larger 1.6 trillion dollar Hispanic purchasing power in similar ways.

HEDICs are SEC registered Business Development Companies (BDCs) specifically designed and established to fund indigenous businesses within Historically Disadvantaged Communities. Also, HEDICs are essentially publicly traded Investment Funds designed to promote self directed and controlled investments by the residents of such communities. A major goal is to produce an investment oriented culture within these communities, and to grow businesses from the community that can eventually attain Wall Street type operations, ultimately creating a Capital Market Driven Economy (CMDE) for such communities. Another major objective is to benefit residents of these communities by affording them increased opportunities to control, direct, and more fully benefit from their spending power and purchasing activities.

HEDICs may also be established for special purposes such as to invest in certain industries, or to consolidate the investment interests and capabilities of existing special interest and community groups in order to facilitate the funding of their special projects.

HEDICs are a special type of publicly traded Business Development Company (BDC). Business Development Companies (BDCs) are a special type of investment fund established under the provisions of the 1980 amendments to the Investment Company Act of 1940, and regulated by the Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC) of the United States. BDCs operate similar to Venture Capital (VC) and Private Equity (PE) Funds which provide funding and investment opportunities for other businesses and projects. BDCs are specifically designed to provide small investors with a facilitated, highly regulated and protected way to invest in small developing businesses. BDCs must comply with certain debt accumulation and income distribution requirements, and can obtain special beneficial tax treatment if operated in compliance with SEC and IRS regulations specifically governing BDCs.

In addition to raising funding through the publicly traded capital markets and utilizing this funding to invest in, or otherwise fund or lend monies to targeted businesses within the target communities, HEDICs may also provide marketing and management support to targeted businesses.

The ultimate Goal of DLCH is to facilitate indigenous economic development by the residents of DLCH Area’s disadvantaged communities for the benefit of the residents, and the indigenous businesses within these communities. The DLCH Area exists within one of the Nation’s most affluent cities, yet one with a significant number of its residents living in underserved and disadvantaged communities. The DLCH Area, and DLCH County as a whole will benefit from the economic development activities of DCLH.

As one of the first HEDICs established within the United States DLCH will be a major element and factor in establishing a network of HEDICs throughout the United States. DLCH can ultimately become the leading fund raising and funding source for disadvantaged businesses and communities in the country. As the leader and first of its kind, DLCH and its initial shareholders should significantly benefit as an attractive investment opportunity for major investors, and from governmental funding, contracts, and entities with an interest in community economic development.

Also, as the funding of business operations will be the primary business of DLCH, and since the lack of funding is the primary problem of most business operations, DLCH should have a ready source of clientele for its primary services, and significantly benefit from access to many of the best available investment and funding opportunities.

DLC - HEDIC Inc., (DLCH) will be headed by Example Smith, a principal owner of Example Inc., a long time indigenous business within the Greater DLCH Area market. A joint venture partner in DLCH is the National Market Exchange (NMEX).

DLCH will utilize the services of the Hannaian Investment Banking Services Support (HIBSS) HEDIC Team to assist in the registration of DLCH as a public company and in the listing of its shares on an appropriate trading platform. HIBSS will also assist in its management and securities compliance needs.

DLCH will be established and operated with the following guidelines:

• Identify the service or catchment area or district which will generally be the historically underserved and disadvantaged communities within the Greater DLCH Area, and typical of many Black & Brown communities within the United States.
• Identify and consolidate the efforts of existing special interest and community investment groups and their special projects.
• Generate funding though capital market processes as a publicly traded company in which the local citizenry and other investors outside the catchment area can invest and gain equitable ownership in the HEDIC by buying shares on a liquid open market platform.
• Invest the funds raised into local businesses specifically researched and identified, through providing loans or equity investments. These targeted businesses should be located within the catchment area, and capable of creating economic development, producing jobs, and providing equity ownership, and excellent investment opportunities for indigenous investor shareholders.
• Encourage local citizens, small and large investors and others to expend their money and other resources to support the targeted and funded businesses, their products and services, and those otherwise supporting local economic development.
• Encourage local governmental authorities to provide incentives to attract applicable businesses into the catchment district.
• Encourage locally based investment banks and professionals to provide incentives, programs, and promotions to attract investors into the catchment district.

Major investors and investment entities should see an investment in DLC - HEDIC Inc., (DLCH) as an important and potentially lucrative investment because of the spending power and business support of their potentially large base of dedicated indigenous investor shareholders.

Systemic diseases are diseases that involve many organs or the whole body. Many of these diseases also affect the eyes. In fact, an eye exam sometimes leads to the first diagnosis of a systemic disease.

Why is the eye so important in systemic disease?

The eye is composed of many different types of tissue. This unique feature makes the eye susceptible to a wide variety of diseases as well as provides insights into many body systems. Almost any part of the eye can give important clues to the diagnosis of systemic diseases. Signs of a systemic disease may be evident on the outer surface of the eye (eyelids, conjunctiva and cornea), middle of the eye and at the back of the eye (retina).

© University of Illinois Board of Trustees
Usage without written permission is prohibited.

The optic nerve and eye movements often reflect changes in the central nervous system. This is because a large part of the brain helps provide visual information and controls eye movements. Because the eye structures are uniquely transparent, a doctor can see inside the eye. The eye is the only organ in the body in which a doctor can directly see blood vessels (particularly the small blood vessels and the underlying body tissues in their natural state). The health of the blood vessels (and body tissues) in the eye often indicates the condition of the blood vessels (arteries and veins) (and tissues) throughout the body.

Which systemic diseases most commonly affect the eye?

The eye may be involved in these diseases, among others:

© University of Illinois Board of Trustees Usage without written permission is prohibited.

Diabetes mellitus – an imbalance in blood glucose (sugar) levels. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) – a life-threatening disease caused by a virus that cripples the body’s immune defenses. Graves’ disease – a thyroid disorder, most often in women, which can cause a goiter (swelling in the front part of the neck) and protruding eyes. Sarcoidosis – a disease that mainly affects the lungs, brain, joints and eyes, found most often in young African-American women. Systemic lupus erythematosus – a connective tissue disorder involving mainly the skin, joints and kidneys. Rheumatoid Arthritis Hypertension (high blood pressure) Atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries) Sickle cell disease – an inherited blood disorder that can block circulation throughout the body, primarily affectingAfrican-Americans Multiple sclerosis – a disease that damages nerve coverings, causing weakness, coordination and speech disturbances.

See a more detailed review of the importance of examination of the eye in systemic disease at: http://nationalmex.com/file/view/17732/why-the-eye-is-so-important-in-systemic-disease#.VVigpNh0zIU

I think it is most important that we honor those in the legal profession, our law makers and enforcers, because without them a society based on law and order, with justice and equality for all, will just be a figment of our imaginations.

Our country, the United States of America, is the greatest Country in the World. I have believed this since I was a small child. However, today with the recent images of Ferguson, North Charleston, Staten Island, Cleveland, and Baltimore, many now doubt if indeed we are as great as we think we are, or if we are somehow just fooling ourselves.

Unfortunately the issue of Race and Racial discrimination has once again become front and center since the election of President Barack Obama. While many are afraid to speak about it or acknowledge it, we are facing the reality that we are now in the midst of a new phase of the Civil Rights movement. No one should expect that 400 years of legalized racial discrimination should be resolved simply because we began the implementation of some written civil rights laws just 50 years ago.

Criminal injustice and inequality seem to be the order of the day, and the role of the legal profession, and that of lawmakers and law enforcers has become ever important.

The need for increased racial sensitivity among all the elements and players within the criminal and the civil justice system is similarly becoming more important.

Many within the Black and Brown communities of our great Country now feel that we are under siege with little recourse. And, while the attention is now more focused on the blatant and more easily uncovered inequities within the criminal justice system, it must be obvious to even a casual onlooker that the situation in the civil justice system is probably far worse.

While Black and Brown citizens are easily dragged before the criminal courts at the drop of a hat, Black and Brown civil litigants have difficulty even getting into court. When they do, they are often in jeopardy in a system where the vast majority of decision makers may not have the sensitivity necessary to adequately administer equal justice to such litigants.

What we easily can see in the criminal justice system where police departments have supposedly implemented racial sensitivity training is frightening. So then, imagine what exists in the civil justice system, and in society at large, where those with authority have not even had the benefit of such training.

For example, recent highly publicized reports have identified a County I work in as one of the most egregious purveyors of law enforcement injustice in the entire Country. This County has a judicial system with almost 70 judges, but only 5 of them are African-American, adding to the disconcerting realities for Blacks throughout the system.

The access to adequate redress on the civil justice matters of jobs, housing, education, equal opportunity, wealth building, and other matters of civil inequality is severely lacking in our nation, even at this late date.

The continuing greatness of our country will be tested and measured by how we address the inequities set upon our less fortunate brothers and sisters. For those of us in the legal, law making, and law enforcement professions, the burden will fall on us to be leaders in reclaiming the greatness of America, and in keeping it great.

We will obviously need more Black and Brown lawyers, prosecutors, judges, legislators, political administrators and executives to adequately fight this battle. We need to encourage and provide the means for more of our young people to enter these professions.

Ultimately however, as many have espoused for years, we will need a way to level the economic playing field. Here we need to encourage and provide the means for more of our young people to enter and engage Wall Street.

Corporate America is the ultimate purveyor of equal justice.

Recently I saw some figures on the disparity between the wealth of White, Black, and Brown communities on CNN. Regrettably, the wealth divide between Whites and Blacks in America is getting worse, and quickly so.

For years in the United States we have attempted to build minority economic development in various ways. However, other than increasing our professional class we have been largely unsuccessful, and a widening of the wealth divide has been the result.

40 years ago there were more publicly traded Black owned businesses on Wall Street than there are today, yet the Spending Power of Black Americans alone is now greater that the economies of entire countries like Canada and Australia. Without a Wall Street component we are fast losing control of whatever economic clout we can bring to the table.

Not only do Black Lives matter, Black spending power also matters, and is probably the best tool to redress many of our problems.

My goal is to use whatever expertise I have in the areas of intellectual property, securities, and investment law to do my part in trying to level the playing field in the game of economic wealth building.

Several years ago some of my investment partners and I developed a model for economic development within disadvantaged communities. However, only recently have we been able to begin to try and implement it. We are currently seeking to test it in several disadvantaged areas of the Country.

Our concept for a mechanism of economic development is the Hannaian Economic Development Investment Council (HEDIC). A HEDIC is a special form of Business Development Corporation as established under the 1980 amendment to the 1940 Investment Company Act. HEDICs are designed to be publicly traded Investment Funds which allow facilitated investment and ownership by the residents of the targeted communities. The HEDIC then invests funds raised into targeted businesses within the community resulting in a self directed and controlled development process for the residents of that community.

There is obviously quite a bit more complexity to the process which cannot be covered here, but we believe it is a unique approach that has never been used previously in the economic development of disadvantaged communities. It is the first approach which attempts to introduce a Capital Market Driven Economy, and Wall Street mechanisms, to the age old problem of Black and Brown economic development.

More on the details of HEDICs can be viewed at: http://nationalmex.com/blog/view/16419/the-hannaian-economic-development-investment-council-hedic-for-disadvantaged-communities#.VUgfmdh0zIU

Perhaps the most important point to be made on this law day is that despite the greatness of our Country, we are entering into a new age and phase of the Civil Rights movement which will require the continued involvement of those of us in the legal profession, and those within the lawmaking and enforcement professions.

We therefore have our work cut out for us, with a lot of heavy lifting if we are to maintain the greatness of our nation, and to ensure the peace and well being of all of our citizens going forward.

Internet based business development and operations have become a necessity for successful operation of any  business entity. The National Market Exchange Franchise opportunity affords applicable businesses and individual entrepreneurs various types of NMEX Franchises which when managed properly should produce excellent and profitable opportunities.

NMEX Franchises include a fully developed marketing automation NMEX online presence stocked and monetized with applicable affiliate marketing products and services within the Franchisee's industry of choice. 

The Franchisee's primary role is to manage the online business and to provide the necessary Internet marketing processes for continued development and marketing of the Business. The Franchisee will have access to the full complement of NMEX publishing and marketing tools in managing and marketing the Franchise.

Franchisees enter into a Franchise agreement with NMEX based on the Franchisee's choice of industry and means of operations. The minimum Franchise Initial Establishment Fee begins at six thousand dollars ($6,000), with an annual Franchise Fee of ten percent (10%) of annual gross revenue. Other options and operational bases for Franchise establishment are negotiable.

NMEX Franchises may be limited based on industry, jurisdictional and other contractual limitations, including licensing capabilities.

Requests for further information on the availability of NMEX Franchises should be directed to nmex@hannaian.com.

By Harlington L. Hanna Jr.

In viewing the possibilities for the economic development of Black, Brown, and other historically disadvantaged communities, there is a significant need for a system that would resolve the multiplicity of problems that factor into resolution of this age old dilemma. My analysis of the problem is the need to provide a Capital Market Driven Economy (CMDE) for such communities which also incorporates unified common market concepts.

Perhaps the greatest problem is the availability of investment and funding for business operations, and development of a system to capture and control the spending power of the local catchment area and its citizens.

While operating the Hannaian Investment & Publishing Group, a Self Directed and Controlled Investment Research Group, we developed a concept for economic development called the “Hannaian Economic Development Investment Council (HEDIC)”. We proposed that Hedics be established in Historically Disadvantaged Communities to promote self directed and controlled investment in such communities. One or more one HEDICs can be operated within a catchment district if needed. HEDICs would essentially be a special type of publicly traded Business Development Company (BDC). BDCs are established under the provisions of the 1980 amendments to the Investment Company Act of 1940, and regulated by the Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC) of the United States.

BDCs operate similar to Venture Capital (VC) and Private Equity (PE) Funds which provide funding and investment opportunities for other businesses and projects. BDCs are specifically designed to provide small investors with a facilitated, highly regulated and protected way to invest in small developing businesses. BDCs must comply with certain debt accumulation and income distribution requirements, and can obtain special beneficial tax treatment if operated in compliance with SEC and IRS regulations specifically governing BDCs. Generally, as a Regulated Investment Company (RIC) under the Internal Revenue Code, a BDC must distribute the large majority of its taxable income as dividends to its shareholders.

While all BDCs are publicly registered with the SEC not all BDCs are publicly traded. I believe it is important that HEDICs be publicly traded entities so that local residents can easily invest in the operations, and become equity shareholders in the process of economic development of their community.

Hannaian Economic Development Investment Councils (HEDICs) should be established with the following guidelines;

• Identify the service or catchment area or district which will generally be a historically underserved and disadvantaged community typical of many Black & Brown communities within the United States.
• Raise funding though the capital markets as a publicly traded company in which the local citizenry and other investors can invest and gain equitable ownership in the HEDIC by buying shares on the open market.
• Invest the funds raised into funding local businesses located within the catchment area, which create economic development, produce jobs, equity ownership, and increased business operations and control by the indigenous investor shareholders.
• Encourage local citizens, investors and others to expend their money and other resources to support the funded businesses, products and services, or those which otherwise support local economic development.
• Encourage local governmental authorities to provide incentives to attract applicable businesses into the catchment district.
• Encourage locally based investment banks and professionals to provide incentives, programs, and promotions to attract investors into the catchment district.

In addition, major investors and investment entities should see HEDICs as important and potentially lucrative investments because of the spending power and business support of their potentially large base of dedicated indigenous investor shareholders.

Groups of business leaders within a community can organize a HEDIC which will comply with all BDC requirements and provide centralized business leadership in the catchment district. As a publicly registered and traded company the HEDIC will obviously require more sophisticated setup and management than a privately held company. However, the additional benefits of a BDC providing significant equity accrual and community economic development are tremendous.

When operated properly HEDICs should provide excellent investment opportunities and tools for development of a local Capital Market Driven Economy which produces equity ownership, control, and pride among community members.

If you travel for Entertainment purposes and you are a U.S. person for Tax purposes, it is important to understand Tax implications. The links below will help you understand the issues. A more complete review can be obtained by visiting the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) site at: http://www.irs.gov/publications/p463/.

• Publication 463 - Introductory Material
  • Future Developments
  • What's New
  • Reminder
  • Introduction
    • Users of employer-provided vehicles.
    • Volunteers.
    • Ordering forms and publications.
    • Tax questions.
  • Useful Items - You may want to see:
• 1.   Travel
  • Traveling Away From Home
    • Tax Home
    • Tax Home Different From Family Home
  • Temporary Assignment or Job
  • What Travel Expenses Are Deductible?
    • Employee.
    • Business associate.
    • Bona fide business purpose.
    • Meals
    • Travel in the United States
    • Travel Outside the United States
    • Luxury Water Travel
    • Conventions
• 2.   Entertainment
  • Directly-Related Test
  • Associated Test
    • Meetings at conventions.
  • 50% Limit
    • Exceptions to the 50% Limit
  • What Entertainment Expenses Are Deductible?
    • A meal as a form of entertainment.
    • Deduction may depend on your type of business.
    • Exception for events that benefit charitable organizations.
    • Food and beverages in skybox seats.
  • What Entertainment Expenses Are Not Deductible?
    • Out-of-pocket expenses.